Twentieth-Century art Essay Example for Free

Twentieth-Century art EssayIn 1902 Boccioni left-hand(a) Rome to study the Impressionists in Paris later, in 1904, he settled for some months in Russia with a family he had known in France. Through a trip to France in the autumn of 1911 Boccioni had become familiar with Cubist techniques. This new experience helped him to achieve a more autonomous artistic language in which the fragmentation of color was combined with a deeper perception of set. With time Boccioni was evolving an image of staggering physical power, and explored disparate means of expression. In his The City Rises of 1910-11 (Fig. 1), a paint of intense ambitiousness, done just at the doorway of his breakthrough into Futurism, it is quite apparent that he was indebted to Cubist inventions for the depiction of a fractured space and the severance down of forms across the picture plane. But to this he adds something the Cubists had noticeably shied away from color the kind which lighten and even decomposed fo rms in Impressionist painting with its resonance and brilliance.According to the art critic, Rosenblum, Boccioni still prolifically utilizes here a modified Impressionist technique whose atomizing effect on mass permits the forceful symbols of horse and manpower to cutting off out of their skins in a blur of moving light (Rosenblum, 1996). Figure 1 Umberto Boccioni The City Rises, 1910-11 oil color on canvas 6 ft 6 1/2 ins x 9 ft 10 1/2 ins Museum of Modern Art, New York In this work, painted in a half-naturalistic demeanor and made up of dots and whirling strokes of vibrant color, forms, light and color melt into frenzy of simultaneous activities, for each one actively pursuing the other for clarity and visual authority.The result is something like visual noise, where each bowel movement or diminished form takes on the personality of a boisterous shout in a turbulent crowd. The artist attempts to express not merely people moving but movement itself and the incorporated emoti on of the crowd. The relentless activity of The City Rises typified the one of the sides of Boccionis character where the brooding, emotional qualities of an artist were not easily suppressed.In the City Rises against the Milanese urban background of smoking chimneys, scaffolding, a streetcar, and a locomotive, spacious draft horses tug at their harnesses, while street workers attempt to direct the animals explosive strength. Robert Rosenblum in the password Cubism and Twentieth-Century Art describes pictorial means of realizing this veneration of titanic energies and industrial activity utilized in the painting as anachronistic and focuses on the prominent role given to horse power as on a symbol of that anachronism (Rosenblum, 1996, 180).Yet it appears that radical Boccionis treatment of forms within this Cubist space was actually much more conservative than that of his less political friends Picasso and Braque, and he never completely let go of the descriptive character of his work. On the other hand, Boccioni was at some pains to distinguish his movement from that of Cubism. As he saw it, the Cubists were merely projecting as simultaneous onto the plane of the canvas the sequence of aspects from which the object was viewed, whereas the planes of Futurism emanate from the dynamic interior of desolidified objects (Antliff, 2000, 722).When war was declared, he, like many of his futurist comrades, immediately enlisted and get together the Lombard Cyclists Brigade. After short pause he returned to military service and shortly after was accidentally impel from his horse during the cavalry training exercise and died following day, aged 33 (Osborn, 2001). It is so ironic that a Futurist should lead met his death by being thrown from a horse, when his propagating of speed and dynamism would have recommended a more suitable vehicle, like an automobile or an airplane. Even more ironic seems the situation that the horse was a kind of leitmotiv of Boccionis art .In The City Rises immense flamboyant horses shake the foreground while some rather poky buildings rise in the background. It is with reference to the horse that Boccioni explains the principles of Futurism. A running horse does not have four legs, he writes in Technical Manifesto of Futurist Painting, It has twenty, and their movements are triangular. (Boccioni et al. ) And perhaps the greatest irony of all was the artists welcome embrace of the source World War as a cleansing of culture. However, with the horrors of the First World War, Futurism died too.Works Cited Antliff, Mark. The Fourth attribute and Futurism A Politicized Space. The Art Bulletin v. 82 no. 4 (2000) 720-33. Boccioni, Umberto, et al. Technical Manifesto of Futurist Painting. 1910 http//www. unknown. nu/futurism/techpaint. hypertext mark-up language (accessed April 12, 2007).Osborn, Bob. The Pre-Futurist Years. Futurism and the Futurists. http//futurism. org. uk/boccioni/boccframes. htm (accessed February 25, 2007) Rosenblum, Robert. Cubism and Twentieth-Century Art. New York Harry N. Abrams, 1966 Taylor, Joshua C. Boccioni. New York Double Company, Inc, 1961.